Image: Memorials to victims outside the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh, PA. Official White House Photo, Public Domain.
1. Eleh ezkerah: These I remember.
These I call to memory, late in the long day:
The voices of martyrs, stilled by tyrants,
The voices of my ancestors, murdered by mobs.
I remember the Ten Martyrs, the ten Torah scholars
who were murdered by the Emperor of Rome:
Shimon ben Gamliel was beheaded for daring to teach Torah.
Ishmael, the High Priest was flayed alive.
Akiva whose flesh was torn with iron combs.
Chaninah ben Tradyon was burned alive with his Torah scroll.
Hutzpit the Interpreter begged to say the Shema one more day.
Elazar ben Shamua was one of Akiva’s most famous students.
Chaninah ben Chakmai was killed by poison.
Yeshevav the Scribe urged his students to love one another, before he was murdered.
Judah ben Dama is known only as one of the Ten Martyrs.
Judah ben Bava was stabbed to death for ordaining five new rabbis.
Eleh ezkerah: These I remember.
2. Eleh ezkerah. These I remember:
I remember the martyrs of medieval Europe.
“Convert or die!” they were told, and many of them chose death
rather than to deny their heritage.
Rabbi Amnon of Mayence bled to death after after torture, a prayer on his lips.
The Jews of the Rhineland were murdered by Crusader hordes.
The Jews of Jerusalem were burned alive in their synagogue by the Crusaders.
The Jews of Blois were murdered for the blood libel, a vicious lie.
The Jews of York died in Clifford’s Tower, rather than convert.
The Jews of Provence were blamed for the Black Death, and massacred.
I remember the Jews whose names are now forgotten,
martyrs who suffered and died rather than abandon the covenant.
They were hunted like animals, and they died in public.
No voice rose to speak for them, none came to their aid.
Eleh ezkerah: These I remember.
3. Eleh ezkerah, These I remember:
I remember the Jews of Sepharad, the Jews of Spain and Portugal.
The monarchs of Spain and the King of Portugal offered them a choice:
convert, go to exile, or die.
Many fled, some were converted by force.
Many remained secretly faithful to Torah..
Too many of them suffered at the hands of the Inquisition,
burnt to death in the auto-da-fe:
Thus were the great congregations of Sepharad destroyed:
in Seville, in Cordoba, in Cadiz, in Barcelona,
in Granada, in Malaga, and in Toledo
Jewish prayers and Jewish voices were heard no more.
The civilization that produced great poetry and science, philosophy and medicine
scattered to the four corners of the earth,
driven underground, and burnt to death in the city centers.
Their neighbors denounced them, and crowds cheered for their blood.
No voice rose to speak for them, none came to their aid.
Eleh ezkerah, These I remember.
4. Eleh ezkerah, These I remember:
I remember the Jews of Eastern Europe and Russia, the dwellers in the shtetl:
those who died in pogroms, in the Chmielnitsky massacre,
at the hands of Cossacks.
I remember the slaughter of children,
I remember the destruction of families and homes.
I remember their precarious lives, their pitiful deaths, and I say:
Eleh ezkerah, these I remember.
History took a more murderous turn.
The cruel choice of the past – Convert or die! – became no choice at all.
The time of martyrs gave way to an even more terrible time,
when there were no choices,
only death, only murder, only annihilation.
Anti-Semitism, racism, and other bigotries were the scourge of humanity:
no choices.
Not only did we suffer, but other races and nations have felt their brutal virulence.
And still, the world stood too silent, did too little:
Africans were bought and sold like farm animals, while the world watched.
Native Americans were hounded, hunted, and murdered, while the world watched.
Armenians were the target of genocide, while the world watched
Jews were the prime target of the Nazis, slated for obliteration.
What can we say, in the face of the Shoah?
There are no words, no meanings, nothing to make sense of it.
The cold machinery piled us in nameless graves,
burnt us to cinders, ground us to dust.
What can we say about the loss of Jewish families, Jewish minds, Jewish learning?
What, what can one say in the presence of burning children?
And all of this, all of this, while the world watched.
Even today, there are those who deny that it happened.
But eleh ezkerah: These I remember.
5. Eleh ezkerah: These I remember:
October 27, 2018, a Shabbat morning in Pittsburgh:
Three congregations shared a building:
Or Hadash, Or L’Simcha, and Tree of Life.
An intruder (may his name be forgotten) murdered eleven Jews
and injured six more, not counting the shock wave
that went through American Jewry at the news.
Eleh ezkerah: These I remember:
- Joyce Fienberg
- Richard Gottfried
- Rose Mallinger
- Jerry Rabinowitz
- Cecil Rosenthal
- David Rosenthal
- Bernice Simon
- Sylvan Simon
- Daniel Stein
- Melvin Wax
- Irving Younger
6. Eleh ezkerah: These I remember:
Lori Gilbert-Kaye attended Chabad of Poway for Shabbat services
April 27, 2019: The final day of Passover, a day of freedom and joy.
She was gunned down as she tried to protect her rabbi.
7. Eleh ezkerah: These I remember:
I cannot forget the rare kind face, the furtive hand extended in help.
I cannot forget those who risked their lives to save one single Jew.
I cannot forget the righteous gentiles, who spoke up for us, and went to the camps with us.
I cannot forget the police who battled the intruder in Pittsburgh, who risked their lives to defend Jewish lives, and the officer who arrested the gunman in Poway.
Thank God for the outstretched hand, the kind word, the response of civil servants.
Eleh ezkerah: These, too, I will remember!
6. Eleh ezkerah: These I remember. These I cannot forget.
Never again! Never again while a silent world watches.
I may not stand by while my neighbor bleeds.
I may not stand by while my sister is hunted and hurt.
I may not stand by while my brother is starving.
I may not stand by while anyone is made homeless.
I may not stand by while there is injustice – never again!
Eleh ezkerah v’nafshi alai eshpechah!
These I remember and I pour out my soul within me!
